Lee Harvey Oswald essays

Lee Harvey Oswald expositions Lee Harvey Oswald and U.S. Knowledge The proposal of this book is, ...Oswalds connects to CIA-related people, tasks, and settings show up far more grounded than do those to some other U.S. knowledge organization... (p. 4) This book is about the charges that Lee Harvey Oswald is here and there, shape, or structure is associated with the CIA. There are numerous perceptible things that have prompted these charges and right up 'til the present time it is as yet a secret. There can be a case made that Oswald was and was not associated with the CIA. I picked this specific statement since it gives the peruser the fundamental thought of the book, and it shows that he couldve been in the CIA or potentially in some other insight office. The vast majority including myself never realized that Oswald was engaged with anything managing the U.S. There are a wide range of occurrences wherein Lee Harvey Oswald has had some information on or inclusion in and this book goes into these episodes. The theory ties in legitimately, with the pr imary thought of this book, since it discusses all the things that Oswald was included. At the point when Oswald had joined the Marine Corps he was doled out a year later to the Marine Air Control Squadron at Atsugi Air Force Base, Japan. Atsugi was no normal base. In furtive, dark methods mystery. Atsugi was perhaps the blackest base anyplace on the planet. (p. 7) There was an airplane there that was to photo insight over the Soviet Union and China. This statement bolsters the theory of this book since it shows that Oswald was engaged with mystery U.S. activities from the primary year he was in the Marines. From this experience Oswald had some information into U.S. insight, for example, where rocket destinations, landing strips, preparing offices and numerous other war-like places in both China and the Soviet Union. The U-2 was the name of this plane and the Soviets could fail to address it since it flew so high noticeable all around... <!

Moores Ford Lynching Essays - Georgia Lynching, Walton County

Moore's Ford Lynching The Long Route Home: On July 25, 1946, two youthful dark couples-Roger and Dorothy Malcom, George and Mae Murray Dorsey-were slaughtered by a lynch crowd at the Moores Ford Bridge over the Appalachee River interfacing Walton and Oconee Counties (Brooks, 1). The four casualties were tied up and shot multiple times with no attempt at being subtle by a crowd of exposed men; murder weapons included rifles, shotguns, guns, and an automatic rifle. Shooting a dark individual resembled shooting a deer, George Dorseys nephew, George Washington Dorsey said (Suggs C1). It has been more than fifty years and this case is as yet unsolved by police examiners. It is realized that there were atleast twelve men engaged with these killings. Remembered for the four that were known by name was Loy Harrison. Loy Harrison might not have been a conspicuous suspect to the agents, yet Harrison was the sole culprit in the unsolved Moores Ford Lynching case. The thought process seemed, by all accounts, to be disdain and the wrongdo ing hurt the picture of the state leaving the town in a shock because of the bad form that left the casualties in plain graves (Jordon,31). Numerous African Americans lived on ranches and tended for white landowners. Weave Hester was a landowner, on this ranch the Moores Ford Lynching started. On July 14, Roger Malcom followed Dorothy Malcom to Hesters ranch, Roger was contending with her. As indicated by the first FBI report, Tracker 2 Hesters child, Barney, advised Malcom to leave. As he was forgetting about a battle broke among Malcom and Hester. Malcom then pulled out a blade and wounded Hester in the chest. The explanation behind the contention is dubious despite the fact that around then Barney Hester may have been having an illicit relationship with Dorothy Malcom. One of the neighbors said that the dark network felt it had more to do with sex than everything else did (Suggs,C1). After the battle broke out, Barney Hester was taken to the emergency clinic and Roger Malcom was brought to prison. On the morning before the lynchings, Harrison headed to the place of Dorothy Malcoms guardians, who had asked with him to get Roger Malcom out of prison since the wounding happened. Harrison would not get him from the start, however out of nowhere adjusted his perspective. Harrison brought with him Dorothy Malcom , who was pregnant at that point, and George Mae Murray Dorsey to Monroe. Their Harrison marked a $600 attach to rescue Roger Malcom of prison. Harrison, with the two dark couples in his vehicle, left the area prison at about 5:30 p.m. on July 25, 1946, and headed back along the Athens Highway toward his homestead. Specialists said the course he picked was the longest route home, along a winding earth street (Suggs,C4). As per Harrison, when he arrived at the extension at Moores Ford, a vehicle hindered his direction (Rivers,1). A crowd of twenty to twenty-five exposed men halted him at gunpoint (Suggs, C1). At that point they brought the two couples into the forested areas, attached them to the trees and shot them. They were so brutally beaten and overpowered with slugs that their bodies were torn to shreds. The best way to distinguish the bodies was by their lips. Agent Bobby Howard said. When addressing Harrison he told the neighborhood specialists and the FBI he was unable to recognize any individuals from the Tracker 3 crowd or clarify how they knew what direction he was getting back home. Nobody was ever indicted for the slayings of the African Americans and why it happened is left a lot of guess (Rivers, 1). The half year examination following the episode that came to be known as the Moores Ford lynching earned hair-raising features that sickened the country, yet yielded nothing (Ford,1). FBI specialists in the long run left the province unfit to end the code of quiet that secured the executioners. A state official was cited as saying at the time that the countys occupants were hampering the examination by declining to uncover what they knew (Suggs,C1). More than one hundred individuals were taken before a stupendous jury, yet there was never any key proof prompting the killers. Anybody that may have had data was hesitant to discuss the circumstance around then. The way that

Document Writing, Step by Step (with Templates) - Focus

Document Writing, Step by Step (with Templates) - Focus Whether you’ve been in the business world for years or are just starting your academic career, writing a document can be intimidating. But not to worry: If you’ve been staring at a blank page with no clue how to get started, you’ve come to the right place. This step-by-step guide will help you tackle any writing project with confidence, so read on to find out how it works. What Is Document Writing? The Oxford Dictionaries define a document as “a piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that provides information or evidence or that serves as an official record.” Document writing, then, is the process of creating a written document. Sounds simple, right? After all, we all learn how to write in school, and we all know how to open a text document on our computer. But if it were that simple, you wouldn’t be reading this article right now.       What Makes Document Writing so Difficult? The blank page is every writer’s enemy. Even pros sometimes stare at that blinking cursor in the top-left corner for hours. Contrary to popular belief, the freedom that an empty document offers doesn’t foster creativity â€" it intimidates. There are a thousand ways to approach any given subject, a million ways to phrase your first sentence. The result is that many of us suffer from what’s called overchoice, or choice overload. The blank document is designed for linear texts and thus pressures you into writing exactly that: a coherent, linear text with a beginning, a middle and an end. It asks you to jump in and craft complete sentences that are meaningful and logically connected to the sentences that come before and after them. Even if you’re deeply familiar with the subject, starting a writing project this way is difficult. So what can you do instead? Easy. Remove the blank page and you remove the pressure. Go ahead and close that Word document of yours â€" you don’t need it right now. Your first goal isn’t to write a perfect text. Your first goal is to figure out what it is you’re trying to say. The writing comes later; the perfection comes later still. Below we’ve outlined five steps to help you craft your document. You don’t need to follow these steps to a T every single time you start a writing project, and you don’t necessarily have to complete them in this order. Planning, researching, brainstorming and outlining your document are not necessarily distinct phases. It’s OK to jump back and forth between them, to jot down new ideas as they come to you, and to go back and do some more research if necessary. How to Write a Document, Step by Step: Step 1: Planning Your Document As with any other project, a writing project requires some planning. Start by determining the scope of the document â€" which information it needs to include and what can (and should) be left out. The scope is determined by the document’s purpose and its readership (aka your target audience). Readership Ask yourself the following questions about your readers: How familiar are my readers with the topic I’m going to discuss? What are my readership’s demographics â€" how old are they, which language do they speak, and what’s their level of education? For example, if you’re a programmer writing documentation for colleagues with a similar level of expertise, your text won’t need to include definitions for well-established terms. If you’re writing documentation for a high school beginner class of programming students, however, your document might need to include a lot more details and explanations. Purpose Determining the purpose of the document is equally important. It could be one of the following: Provide information Give instructions Propose ideas / persuade the reader Present your opinion Style and Tone Knowing the demographics of your readership and the purpose of your document will also help you choose the most fitting style and tone. If you’re submitting a business plan to a potential investor, the tone of your document would likely have to be quite different from the one you would use when writing a first-time parent survival guide. The latter might be suitable for a little tongue in cheek, while any kind of humor is probably misplaced in the former. So before you start the actual writing process, consider whether your tone should be: formal or informal personal or impersonal serious or humorous. Diction Next, give some thought to diction, aka your choice of words. While your business plan should use formal diction, you might want to go easy on jargon, unless the investor you’re submitting to is familiar with your specific business niche. With a first-time parent survival guide on the other hand, you’ll likely want to appeal to a relatively young audience. Therefore, incorporating some pop culture references and colloquialisms could actually enhance the reader’s experience. Sentence Length The length and complexity of sentences, too, should be adapted to fit your audience. It’s always important to be clear and concise. However, certain target audiences, such as academics, have a higher tolerance for lengthy sentences than, say, a busy executive. You can use the free mind map template below to plan your document. Simply copy the mind map to your MindMeister account and fill it out. You can keep the map as a reference throughout your writing and editing process. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit My Document on MindMeister. Don’t have a MindMeister account yet? You can sign up for free here. Step 2: Research and Brainstorming Now that you’ve figured out the scope and style of your document, it’s time to do some research. While you can certainly use a text document to collect all quotes, links, facts and other references you want to incorporate, a linear format isn’t ideal for this purpose. The classic mind map format, which was popularized by the English researcher Tony Buzan in the 70s, is great for visualizing how individual pieces of information are connected. Using a mind map, you can collect all your notes, ideas and references on a single page. Digital mind maps are especially practical as they let you move elements around to group them in a way that makes sense. Besides links, digital mind maps also offer space for multimedia attachments such as images, videos, and entire files, so you can collate all your research in a central place. To get started, simply open a new mind map, write the title of your document in the center of the map, and add your notes. Want to learn more about how to brainstorm effectively? Check out our article on Online Brainstorming with Mind Maps. We also have a tutorial on How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle. Step 3: Outlining the Structure of Your Document The structure of your text is largely determined by the type of document you’re writing. Below is a â€" by no means exhaustive â€" list of document types you might encounter: Academic documents: Thesis Paper Journal Argumentative essay Research Proposal Business documents: Contract Report Business plan Financial statement User guide Project documentation White paper Let’s take a closer look at three different kinds of documents and compare their individual structures: Argumentative Essay: Argumentative essays often follow a 5-paragraph approach. The mind map template below outlines these 5 paragraphs â€" if you need to write an argumentative essay, you can use this template as your starting point: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Argumentative Essay Structure on MindMeister. Business Plan: A typical business plan contains six important elements, which are outlined in the map template below. You can copy this map template to your free MindMeister account to fill it out: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Business Plan Structure on MindMeister. Research Proposal: If you’re applying for a research degree, you’ll need to submit a research proposal. The template below outlines the key elements that should be contained in such a document. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Research Proposal Structure on MindMeister. As you can see from the three templates above, every document requires a different structure. Of course, these structures aren’t set in stone â€" they’re based on convention. You can always adapt them to fit your needs. Step 4: Writing Your Document Now that you’ve created a logical structure for your document and have done all the research, it’s finally time to start the actual writing process. If you’ve used MindMeister to outline your document, you can forgo the intimidating blank page completely by exporting the map’s content as a text outline to Microsoft Word. Now all you have to do is flesh out your outline by adding the information you’ve collected in your research mind map. Microsoft Word isn’t the only writing software in town, though. Depending on what kind of document you’re writing, you might be better off with a different tool. Below is a list of popular writing tools that might be better suited to your needs. Whatever you choose, a good grammar and spell checker is a must. The Classics: Microsoft Word Google Docs Dropbox Paper Document Writing Software: MadCap Flare WhiteSmoke PandaDoc General Writing Software: Scrivener Ulysses DEVONthink Grammarly Hemingway App Knowledge Management Tools: Confluence MindMeister Code Documentation Tools: Sphinx (for Python) R Markdown ?BoostBook (for C++) Javadoc Docurium (for Ruby) Step 5: Editing Your Document If you think that you’re done as soon as you’ve written the last sentence in your document, think again. The importance of editing cannot be overstated. Or as the great writer Ernest Hemingway put it: The first draft of everything is shit. While you may be eager to finally submit your document and move on to other tasks, you should never do so before you’ve reviewed your text one last time. For best results, leave the document alone for at least 24 hours â€" longer, if possible. Looking at it with fresh eyes will greatly increase your chances of spotting mistakes and other issues. If you haven’t used a tool such as Hemingway App during your writing process, consider pasting the content of your document into this app now. Hemingway App was designed to “make your writing bold and clear,” just like Ernest Hemingway himself always recommended. The app highlights lengthy, complex sentences and points out weakening phrases for you. Even if writing is not your true passion, with proper planning and the right tools at your disposal, you don’t have to be scared of a blank page ever again. So when you’re ready to get started with your next document, just follow the five steps outlined in this article and you’ll see how quickly everything comes together. Brainstorm and outline your documents Try MindMeister Document Writing, Step by Step (with Templates) - Focus Whether you’ve been in the business world for years or are just starting your academic career, writing a document can be intimidating. But not to worry: If you’ve been staring at a blank page with no clue how to get started, you’ve come to the right place. This step-by-step guide will help you tackle any writing project with confidence, so read on to find out how it works. What Is Document Writing? The Oxford Dictionaries define a document as “a piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that provides information or evidence or that serves as an official record.” Document writing, then, is the process of creating a written document. Sounds simple, right? After all, we all learn how to write in school, and we all know how to open a text document on our computer. But if it were that simple, you wouldn’t be reading this article right now.       What Makes Document Writing so Difficult? The blank page is every writer’s enemy. Even pros sometimes stare at that blinking cursor in the top-left corner for hours. Contrary to popular belief, the freedom that an empty document offers doesn’t foster creativity â€" it intimidates. There are a thousand ways to approach any given subject, a million ways to phrase your first sentence. The result is that many of us suffer from what’s called overchoice, or choice overload. The blank document is designed for linear texts and thus pressures you into writing exactly that: a coherent, linear text with a beginning, a middle and an end. It asks you to jump in and craft complete sentences that are meaningful and logically connected to the sentences that come before and after them. Even if you’re deeply familiar with the subject, starting a writing project this way is difficult. So what can you do instead? Easy. Remove the blank page and you remove the pressure. Go ahead and close that Word document of yours â€" you don’t need it right now. Your first goal isn’t to write a perfect text. Your first goal is to figure out what it is you’re trying to say. The writing comes later; the perfection comes later still. Below we’ve outlined five steps to help you craft your document. You don’t need to follow these steps to a T every single time you start a writing project, and you don’t necessarily have to complete them in this order. Planning, researching, brainstorming and outlining your document are not necessarily distinct phases. It’s OK to jump back and forth between them, to jot down new ideas as they come to you, and to go back and do some more research if necessary. How to Write a Document, Step by Step: Step 1: Planning Your Document As with any other project, a writing project requires some planning. Start by determining the scope of the document â€" which information it needs to include and what can (and should) be left out. The scope is determined by the document’s purpose and its readership (aka your target audience). Readership Ask yourself the following questions about your readers: How familiar are my readers with the topic I’m going to discuss? What are my readership’s demographics â€" how old are they, which language do they speak, and what’s their level of education? For example, if you’re a programmer writing documentation for colleagues with a similar level of expertise, your text won’t need to include definitions for well-established terms. If you’re writing documentation for a high school beginner class of programming students, however, your document might need to include a lot more details and explanations. Purpose Determining the purpose of the document is equally important. It could be one of the following: Provide information Give instructions Propose ideas / persuade the reader Present your opinion Style and Tone Knowing the demographics of your readership and the purpose of your document will also help you choose the most fitting style and tone. If you’re submitting a business plan to a potential investor, the tone of your document would likely have to be quite different from the one you would use when writing a first-time parent survival guide. The latter might be suitable for a little tongue in cheek, while any kind of humor is probably misplaced in the former. So before you start the actual writing process, consider whether your tone should be: formal or informal personal or impersonal serious or humorous. Diction Next, give some thought to diction, aka your choice of words. While your business plan should use formal diction, you might want to go easy on jargon, unless the investor you’re submitting to is familiar with your specific business niche. With a first-time parent survival guide on the other hand, you’ll likely want to appeal to a relatively young audience. Therefore, incorporating some pop culture references and colloquialisms could actually enhance the reader’s experience. Sentence Length The length and complexity of sentences, too, should be adapted to fit your audience. It’s always important to be clear and concise. However, certain target audiences, such as academics, have a higher tolerance for lengthy sentences than, say, a busy executive. You can use the free mind map template below to plan your document. Simply copy the mind map to your MindMeister account and fill it out. You can keep the map as a reference throughout your writing and editing process. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit My Document on MindMeister. Don’t have a MindMeister account yet? You can sign up for free here. Step 2: Research and Brainstorming Now that you’ve figured out the scope and style of your document, it’s time to do some research. While you can certainly use a text document to collect all quotes, links, facts and other references you want to incorporate, a linear format isn’t ideal for this purpose. The classic mind map format, which was popularized by the English researcher Tony Buzan in the 70s, is great for visualizing how individual pieces of information are connected. Using a mind map, you can collect all your notes, ideas and references on a single page. Digital mind maps are especially practical as they let you move elements around to group them in a way that makes sense. Besides links, digital mind maps also offer space for multimedia attachments such as images, videos, and entire files, so you can collate all your research in a central place. To get started, simply open a new mind map, write the title of your document in the center of the map, and add your notes. Want to learn more about how to brainstorm effectively? Check out our article on Online Brainstorming with Mind Maps. We also have a tutorial on How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle. Step 3: Outlining the Structure of Your Document The structure of your text is largely determined by the type of document you’re writing. Below is a â€" by no means exhaustive â€" list of document types you might encounter: Academic documents: Thesis Paper Journal Argumentative essay Research Proposal Business documents: Contract Report Business plan Financial statement User guide Project documentation White paper Let’s take a closer look at three different kinds of documents and compare their individual structures: Argumentative Essay: Argumentative essays often follow a 5-paragraph approach. The mind map template below outlines these 5 paragraphs â€" if you need to write an argumentative essay, you can use this template as your starting point: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Argumentative Essay Structure on MindMeister. Business Plan: A typical business plan contains six important elements, which are outlined in the map template below. You can copy this map template to your free MindMeister account to fill it out: Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Business Plan Structure on MindMeister. Research Proposal: If you’re applying for a research degree, you’ll need to submit a research proposal. The template below outlines the key elements that should be contained in such a document. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Research Proposal Structure on MindMeister. As you can see from the three templates above, every document requires a different structure. Of course, these structures aren’t set in stone â€" they’re based on convention. You can always adapt them to fit your needs. Step 4: Writing Your Document Now that you’ve created a logical structure for your document and have done all the research, it’s finally time to start the actual writing process. If you’ve used MindMeister to outline your document, you can forgo the intimidating blank page completely by exporting the map’s content as a text outline to Microsoft Word. Now all you have to do is flesh out your outline by adding the information you’ve collected in your research mind map. Microsoft Word isn’t the only writing software in town, though. Depending on what kind of document you’re writing, you might be better off with a different tool. Below is a list of popular writing tools that might be better suited to your needs. Whatever you choose, a good grammar and spell checker is a must. The Classics: Microsoft Word Google Docs Dropbox Paper Document Writing Software: MadCap Flare WhiteSmoke PandaDoc General Writing Software: Scrivener Ulysses DEVONthink Grammarly Hemingway App Knowledge Management Tools: Confluence MindMeister Code Documentation Tools: Sphinx (for Python) R Markdown ?BoostBook (for C++) Javadoc Docurium (for Ruby) Step 5: Editing Your Document If you think that you’re done as soon as you’ve written the last sentence in your document, think again. The importance of editing cannot be overstated. Or as the great writer Ernest Hemingway put it: The first draft of everything is shit. While you may be eager to finally submit your document and move on to other tasks, you should never do so before you’ve reviewed your text one last time. For best results, leave the document alone for at least 24 hours â€" longer, if possible. Looking at it with fresh eyes will greatly increase your chances of spotting mistakes and other issues. If you haven’t used a tool such as Hemingway App during your writing process, consider pasting the content of your document into this app now. Hemingway App was designed to “make your writing bold and clear,” just like Ernest Hemingway himself always recommended. The app highlights lengthy, complex sentences and points out weakening phrases for you. Even if writing is not your true passion, with proper planning and the right tools at your disposal, you don’t have to be scared of a blank page ever again. So when you’re ready to get started with your next document, just follow the five steps outlined in this article and you’ll see how quickly everything comes together. Brainstorm and outline your documents Try MindMeister

The Complexity of Life and Death in Rosencrantz and...

The main theme of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead is the complexity of life, death, and the events that lead to it. It also depicts the theory of determinism vs. free will. These are very similar to the themes seen in Hamlet. There is a complementary structure between Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead and Hamlet in the sense that, they are written in different time periods and show different understanding on the subject at hand. In 1602, the time when Hamlet was written, people believed in church and that dead would go to heaven or hell based on their deeds , but Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead was written in 1960’s a time of existentialism, when existence of god and essence of life were questioned.†¦show more content†¦They both also think about what happens to a person after he dies and seem to have come to similar conclusions that after death nothing remains of him other than his body; As Guildenstern says â€Å"You see him now and then you donâ €™t see him†. Another parallel structure is that both Hamlet and Player think that there is no good and bad, only thinking makes it so. For example the player says that â€Å"truth is only that which is taken to be true†. There is also a parallel structure in the way that Hamlet and Player believe that we are all actors who pretend to be people. In Hamlet, Hamlet acts like an insane person, but for all that we know he could be insane. When he says â€Å"We’re actors†¦we are the opposite of people†. The player is trying to convey that we all pretend to be something we are. The setting of the play is also critical for the theme of the play. It orients the audience to the crucial elements such as time, place and mood. By stripping the play off these, Stoppard is confusing the audience further about the identity of Guildenstern and Rosencrantz. There are minimal props in the play. The few props that are used, like the coins, do not follow the normal l aw, like the law of probability by falling heads all the time. The stage direction of the play is also important in the sense that it conveys determinism. This is because an actor in a play has a script, a certain posture and a determined pace to be stood at. This leaves noShow MoreRelatedLorrayne Broach. Dr. Guerra. Long Assignment . 5/05/2017.1339 Words   |  6 Pagesjoined at the hip characters, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, is based off of the ideas of determinism and passivity. Within the text, they have proven to be nothing more than young Hamlet’s former friends who mindlessly act on the orders of the king. Shakespeare writes them as transparent character at the hand of Hamlet’s mockery and pen. The idea that Hamlet hesitates to kill Claudius who arguably deserves it, but easily writes Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to death further exemplifies the idea thatRead MoreWhy Hamlet Delays in Avenging his Fathers Death Essay677 Words   |  3 PagesWhy Hamlet Delays in Avenging his Fathers Death The tragic play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, tells the story of the enigmatic Prince Hamlet who is set the task of avenging the murder of his father at the hand of his uncle, King Claudius. Though it is clear that Hamlet harbours deep resentment towards his uncle and is eventually certain of his mission, Hamlet is seen to consistently delay in completing his task for various reasons. Whether it is because Hamlet isRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1184 Words   |  5 Pagesthe shroud of complexity? There could be any number of possibilities, but since Shakespeare is the only one who knew, the ultimate truth has been lost to history. However, by examining this play, we can see that Hamlet struggles with taking action and isn’t used to the enormous responsibility he has now, that he is a conniving and clever man but that is prone to rash decisions, and that throughout the whole play he acts erratically because of his own confusion about life and death. ThroughoutRead MoreHamlet : The Complexity Of Human Nature And Dangers Of Revenge1927 Words   |  8 PagesHamlet: The Complexity of Human Nature and Dangers of Revenge Hamlet is one of the most renowned plays of all time. Hamlet has multiple levels of meaning and several main points just as its main character’s words do when he is faking insanity. Unlike other revenge plays Hamlet is more about the musing of the main character concerning morality, life, death, and what should be done rather than just bloody revenge. In Hamlet Shakespeare presents the impossibility of absolute certainty in one’s ownRead More Universal Acceptance of Hamlet by William Shakespeare Essay2011 Words   |  9 Pagesdoes not mean that Hamlet reflects the common man and his action, or Rosencrantz and Guildenstern would be more probable ‘universal men.’ Hamlet reflects what the common man wishes and feels he could do if he were given the chance. Hamlet is superhuman in this sense. He is able to find the strength to act though his tragic situation with out giving in to easier ways and temptations along the way. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are mo re common man than universal, for though they have loyalty to HamletRead MoreHamlet - a Universal Man2075 Words   |  9 Pagesdoes not mean that Hamlet reflects the common man and his action, or Rosencrantz and Guildenstern would be more probable ‘universal men. Hamlet reflects what the common man wishes and feels he could do if he were given the chance. Hamlet is superhuman in this sense. He is able to find the strength to act though his tragic situation with out giving in to easier ways and temptations along the way. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are more common man than universal, for though they have loyalty to HamletRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1396 Words   |  6 Pagesand what they do. Minor characters not only make the main characters more meaningful, but they also help to develop and drive the plot. Ophelia, falling victim to the neglect and abuse of the other characters and depending solely on the men in her life, becomes the only character wh o truly becomes mad. Polonius’ concern with how others perceive him, along with his selfishness ultimately leads to him driving his children further away from him thus leaving Claudius with more power. Claudius uses manipulationRead MoreHamlet as a Living Death in the Midst of Life in Hamlet by Wlliam Shakespeare1924 Words   |  8 PagesHamlet as a Living Death in the Midst of Life in Hamlet by Wlliam Shakespeare In claiming that Hamlet is a living death in the midst of life, Knight depicts Hamlet as a character who is entirely a corrupting force in the lives of others, rather than a morally superior character attempting to orchestrate justice. In that Hamlet is secluded and absolutely isolated from those who experience life, Knight condemns Hamlet to the title of being an emotionless element of malevolenceRead MoreShakespeare As A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1922 Words   |  8 Pages(King of Denmark) death. This leads the Prince into a depression, which is mistakenly taken for insanity. Having been sent for to attend his father s funeral, he is shocked to find his mother Gertrude already remarried, by the man who he knows have murdered his father, his own uncle Claudius. To Hamlet, the marriage is offensive, the thought of this union bring Hamlet to wanting to commit suicide, as Stated in Act I, scene ii (129-158) â€Å"That it should come to this! But two months dead!—nay, not so muchRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1542 Words   |  7 Pagescharacter. Because of this, many readers found it difficult to describe him (Price 54). He even suggested to his mother, Guildenstern, Rosencrantz, and children of friends that he was more complex than they knew (Williamson 11). Hamlet was very philosophical in nature, which was backed by his contemplative manner after the death of his father (Madariaga 72). His father s death shocked and devastated him which impeded his studies at the university. Hamlet had many questions about this, which were

Discussion on the Social Psychological Influences on...

The learning activity involves a typical working class boy called Kevin who is involved in petty crime and is not motivated to gain qualifications, as he is expecting to find unskilled manual labour work elsewhere when he finishes school, just as his father did. This mirrors Paul Willis’ study of working class boys (1977), which shows that this is a common issue in schools with a high intake of students with a working class background. The Head of Year is trying to get Kevin to focus on his future, so he does not miss out on any opportunities open to him, but he is focusing on the short term rewards of earning money immediately, rather than the long term potential which would result in him having a better quality of life with fewer†¦show more content†¦Markus (1977) describes self-schemas as a ‘cognitive representation of the self that organises self-knowledge and guides self-relevant processes,’ which implies that an individual’s past experiences develop the personality one has in the present. In Kevin’s case his negative experiences of education has led to a desire to enter the adult world, and begin working, self-schemas is good for this as is looks at what caused this behaviour and why it has occurred in such a way. Schemas can be defined by areas like gender roles, for example, Kevin may have been taught by his family experiences that it is the role of a man to become a ‘breadwinner’ and therefore the sooner he starts earning the better, also known as ‘habits of labour obedience’ (Lewis, 1991). The guidelines for Kevin’s behaviour seems to lean towards a desire for independence, he may desire to fend for himself, something that he cannot do whilst in education, though this desire can be seen as positive, encouraging work, it could also be restricting him, as it means he is not reaching what his Head of Year deems to be his full potential (Kendzierski, Whitaker, 1997). 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With Close Reference to their recent releases, compare how Britney Spears and Sum 41 are marketed Free Essays

Like all artists, Britney Spears and Sum 41 belong to a record company. Here 3 departments look after them: the Artist and Repertoire, Marketing and Production. The Artist and Repertoire( a+r) are responsible for signing the artist. We will write a custom essay sample on With Close Reference to their recent releases, compare how Britney Spears and Sum 41 are marketed or any similar topic only for you Order Now The marketing department are responsible for advertising the artist. The production company are responsible for organizing recording and songs for release. Possible ways the Marketing department can use the Media for advertising include television, radio, posters. They also use a subtle way of using the artist themselves. Britney belongs to Zomba Records and Sum 41 belong to Britney has matured as artist over the years. At the beginning, she was a schoolgirl. This was reflected in her video â€Å"Hit Me Baby One More Time† She was dressed in school uniform. Although attracting pre teens as her primary audience, she was attracting young men (15-20). She has maintained her primary audience throughout her career and as my analysis will tell you, increased her secondary audience. Following a break from her career to make a film â€Å"Crossroads†, she re-launched her career as an adult, moving away from school uniform. Her album release â€Å"Britney† opened new doors for Britney and new fans. Her album cover featured her sitting on a stool, crouching forward. With the low cut top she was wearing, this position revealed quite a lot of Britney’s chest area. She held wrists facing the camera. This suggests she was flirting with men. She was wearing a crucifix necklace, which suggests she is trying to maintain her virginal reputation that she previously had. Heavy Eye-Makeup is worn, similar to that of Brigitte Bardot, a 60’s icon. This attracts men as she is shown to take pride in her appearance. Her hair is tousled over her chest, hinting that she isn’t as clean cut as previously thought. The back cover is featuring Britney’s face repeatedly reflected over the cover. This gives the effect that she is everywhere. The eye makeup is still worn. Yellow lights are shown, possibly to reflect attention on to Britney. Previously, Britney modelled for Sketchers Footwear Company. She featured in a poster that was completely opposite to the image given in the album cover. Her she appeared normal, down to earth. As this was an appeal to young girls, she worn clothes they could relate to, jacket, jeans and the trainers she was advertising. She still wore makeup but not as much as she wore in the album cover shoot. Sum 41’s image is completely different to Britney’s. Their album features a more personal touch with what appears to be handwritten track lists and Polaroid photos. This makes the audience feel as though the album has been made for them personally. Dark colours are used, this reflects the bands image of a â€Å"hard† rock band. Sum 41’s image has not changed as much as Britney’s. In conclusion, Britney is marketed more two audiences where Sum 41 appear to be marketed for the same type which is skaters and rock fans. Britney appears to be more interested in her fans, while Sum 41 aren’t really bothered what anyone thinks and are more concerned making music and having fun. Finally, record companies are responsible for the artists image. Record companies use media for advertising and will have too as the public opinion of artists change when the media portrayal of them changes. How to cite With Close Reference to their recent releases, compare how Britney Spears and Sum 41 are marketed, Papers

The Transportation Revolution in the United States free essay sample

This paper argues that, even prior to the advent of the railroads, a transportation revolution had taken place in the United States in the early nineteenth century. The following paper argues that there were two developments that were most important in constituting a transportation revolution: Steamboat navigation and the construction of the great canals. This paper focuses on the building of the Erie Canal which constituted a revolution in its own right. The writer asserts that it was on account of the transportation revolution of the 1815-30 period that the American economy was decisively transformed into a capitalistic one. In 1800, the United States did not lack a transport infrastructure, but it was a very poor one. With the exception of cities and towns located on the Atlantic coastline or along navigable waterways, there was literally no means of transporting agricultural produce and manufactured items to or from market centers other than country roads. We will write a custom essay sample on The Transportation Revolution in the United States or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These roads were unpaved, infrequently maintained and often impassable in wet weather (Taylor 15-16). A diary passage from 1817 gives some sense of their condition: I returned from Baltimore a few days earlier. Had wet weather muddy Roads and my flour condemned (qted. in Majewski 46). By 1860, however, Americas infrastructure had so greatly improved that the country was in the throes of a major economic transformation. On the eve of the Civil War, writes Peter Way, the United States, although still largely an agricultural nation, was competitive, market-driven and increasingly dominated by relatively large business organizations fueled by multitudes of unattached workers

Transparency and the Location Mystique

Transparency and the Location Mystique Free Online Research Papers Transparency In Retail Site Location Models Transparent: Free from pretense or deceit, frank. Obfuscate: Mask, conceal, disguise as part of a hidden agenda. Location Decisions: Science or Intuition? When it comes to selecting retail locations, knowledge is power. Experience plus intuition are the key drivers. The large majority of location decisions continue to be made on the basis of intuition and experience, not science. Why? Well, a large part of the reason is that this common sense decision process works pretty well in many situations. Good locations are good locations after all. Mom, my neighbor George, or even Aunt Sally can all tell the difference between good and bad locations to a point. The next step, however, that goes beyond good and bad to actually estimate a store’s performance in that location, does require special intuition and experience. This also works quite well to a point. The best decisions come when real estate expertise is complemented by objective, scientific knowledge that can come from demographics or other data and from predictive models. Because so many companies use models, or other kinds of intelligence, today to evaluate sites, it’s important to take our understanding one step further. Both intuitive predictions and model predictions tend to be used in ways that are not transparent. And, if a decision process is not transparent, it’s also not generally open to shared feedback and improvement. If you are on the receiving end of model predictions delivered as either mystery statistics or the oracle, as real estate or development personnel often are; then a lack of knowledge about how the model works may be beneficial. Usually, the normal â€Å"good† locations are not the ones people remember; it’s the dog sites. In the long run, however, everyone (especially your company) benefits when the basis for a decision is objective, understood and shared. This enables the criteria for current good locations to be extended into future â€Å"good locations†, and the problems with bad locations to be understood and avoided. Companies that have this attitude usually benefit enormously from predictive modeling because the model results are simply one piece of the decision pie, and they don’t step on anyone’s toes. If everything is on the table and above board transparent then new information is always welcome. Unfortunately, the more common problem is that a history of relying on the company’s version of a â€Å"location mystique† (which just means your company’s shared, intuitive understanding of what makes a good or bad location), is combined with a general lack of transparency and understanding around the factors that drive store sales. This results in a decision process that attempts to be good, open, and feedback-oriented, but ends up driven by tradition and opinion. Why Location Decisions Often Lack Transparency Real estate information and decision-making, certainly on the commercial side, lacks transparency because the key players benefit from controlling access to information at different points in the process. We see, for example, that commercial databases listing available sites are very incomplete because the local brokers have a wealth of inside knowledge. They know which property will be available soon, or could be available at the right price and their competitive advantage comes from controlling this knowledge. Sales Prediction Models Typically Do Not Please Everyone It won’t surprise anyone reading this to know that most real estate decisions are driven by experience and intuition, not models or objective criteria; or to learn that the decision-making process for site selection often loses transparency because of internal politics, communication barriers that prevent knowledge sharing, hierarchical administrative structures, and IT or technological issues. The truth is that, much of the time, brokers and real estate VPs don’t want the interference of a model unless it supports their decision. Why? Because models generally get in the way of doing deals. In cases where the model predictions and expert opinions converge, great! The model is not a problem, per se, but actually it’s agreement with the expert is setting up a big problem because now, anyone examining the results is likely to conclude that the model has some validity. Right? Well, look at what happens when a site comes up that the VP likes but the model is not enthusiastic about. Ouch. The VP wouldn’t have proposed the site if he/she didn’t think it would work. Now the model’s second opinion really hurts because the last site got high ratings and everyone was happy. Who is right in this case: the model or the VP? Transparent Site Features Help All Parties Communicate Objectively The problem here is transparency. Store sales are obviously based on a combination of factors. Some are location-related (like the site attributes or demographics), and others are not, like operations, marketing or even brand strength. If the VP and the model were talking the same language, they could agree or disagree on the strength of each of these factors, and eventually reach a consensus opinion on the site. Lacking this transparency in the decision process, both are left only with their differing opinions, and supporting justification. This matters little, since they are not speaking the same language. We addressed this issue in our modeling systems by listing specific site features, or rating the quality of certain demographic measures. This does help some. What stops it from being very beneficial, is that we didn’t take the issue of transparency far enough. The problem was confusion about the role of the location in store sales. This varies from one extreme, â€Å"If it’s a dog site then the location is at fault bring me the head of the real estate manager who picked this site:†, to the other, â€Å"The location may be part of the problem but lets take a good look at marketing, operations and competitive positioning first.† In general, the way this confusion appears, is that because the influence of all key factors on store performance is not measured quantitatively, or well understood, the role of the location is typically perceived to be much too strong. In my experiences over twenty-five years, with several hundred retail companies, I would have to admit that the number of companies willing to make the location decision process transparent could be counted on just a few fingers. Dick Riveria, the former president of TGI Friday’s did a rebuild of their sales prediction model just to open up the process and the information to a new team of real estate managers and executives. Ron Stegall, the founder of BizMart, insisted that everyone, both core staff and brokers, be familiar with their site model’s components so they could validate them. Gary Wyatt at Lowe’s introduced modeling to bring transparency to a process shared by both marketing and real estate. Jim Kirkpatrick at Applebee’s, and Jim Torcivia at Cracker Barrel, always tackle problem stores from a â€Å"bring me better measures so I can understand what is happening† perspective, rather than simply as location problems. As a forecaster, my biggest challenges in making store performance transparent were situations where the concept was part of the problem. In these situations, the concept name, the differences between store prototypes across markets, the competitive positioning of the concept, and so forth, often impacted sales. Yet, raising the concept flag was not something the owners were willing to handle. I won’t share any bad examples here, but Ruby’s Diners, Staples, and Red Robin are good examples because their hard work in the other direction to fine-tune the concept component of performance in objective, shared ways that impact the bottom line. One of the major ironies of location modeling is that it is common for sales prediction models to be the ultimate in non-transparency. They are often statistically complex (which is intimidating by itself for many people), difficult and time consuming to learn or use, access is often controlled and limited to a special group of analysts, and who gets to see what reports when may be determined by political agenda rather than â€Å"need to know.† You would be shocked at the major corporations for whom I’ve conducted workshops that have never had all the key people involved in location decisions real estate, finance, marketing, operations and executives in the same room together to discuss what is needed when from whom. Transparency Helps to Create Actionable Results Another problem with most models is that they are either largely based on statistical â€Å"mumbo jumbo† that could not be made transparent if you wanted (some of the early neural network models fit this description well) or are so simplistic (like common regression or gravity-based models) that they lack credibility because even a statistically naà ¯ve person can understand that they cannot explain the complexity of many stores in many retail situations in many markets. Even worse, what good is transparency if you cannot do anything with it? We’ve built models with fairly transparent reports for some time but so what! The user can disagree with what they see, but the battle is already lost because the results don’t change! If I disagree with the answer, and I can see why the answer is wrong because the system is transparent you had better let me be able to act on it. Now that you know my biases, you know what’s coming next. There is absolutely no good reason for Site Selection and Sales Prediction to be a covert, mystical process with hidden rules, hidden agendas, and controlled access to information. One of the biggest misses I’ve seen has to do with franchisees. I would guess that at least 25,000 franchisee locations have been selected using our modeling systems and reports. Most of these franchisees saw a Site Quality Rating, the factors that contributed to the rating, and a sales prediction; yet, not a single one has (to my knowledge) ever been able to sue the franchiser successfully over a poor performing store based on information in our report, largely because it is transparent. The courts have made it clear for many years: not sharing critical information is generally risky. Sharing (being transparent) with an appropriate disclaimer offers more benefits to all parties, and more protection from liability. Benefits of a Scientific Approach to Site Selection There actually is a science of site selection with a good deal of research on what factors matter where. My book, The Site Book, is a synthesis of much of this knowledge as we apply it in our modeling programs. Companies that have made the culture shift to use and share these objective rules for location decisions not just the financial estimates have seen tremendous benefit on many dimensions, not the least of which is their bottom line. One of the simplest statistics that illustrates the value of this scientific approach is sales volume. When we looked back over the last 7,000 locations for 13 different concepts that were evaluated using the logic in The Site Book, we found that locations that had a Site Quality rating of 65 or higher (the average rating is 50 on a 1-100 scale) also had 17% higher sales than the average store for that concept! Yes, there is a strong relationship between an objective measure of site quality and sales. PAI’S Approach to Modeling The rules used to make decisions in models need to match the rules of the retail world, not just fit a set of mathematical criteria. This statement, which is really talking about transparency, simply means the models need to be thinking about the world in ways that match the logic that you or I might use as real estate professionals. To some degree we met this goal in the past by creating reports that listed the criteria used to estimate site quality and sales but I don’t think we went far enough. Why? Because the best, transparent models are also: Logical: The rules in the model match what happens in reality Open: You can see the rules and logic operate Robust: The model can predict reliably despite the â€Å"noise† or error associated with most sales modeling Adaptive: There is a way to learn from the errors in prediction to improve the model If you had asked me five years ago, when I wrote The Site Book, I would have touted our logic for location analysis as pretty complete. And, I might have said the same about sales forecasting. Yet, how can this be when locations are responsible for only approximately 50% of store sales! What about the missing 50%? For many years in our presentations to clients, we represented this 50% with the following pie chart: This is transparent to a degree if you know the Location Factors and can specify their influence. Yet, you cannot have a truly transparent sales prediction without all of the components. It’s impossible to know if a store’s weak performance (when you think it should be doing well) is due to a problem with your location models, or store operations, marketing, etc. This shift in thinking led to a series of analyses to explain the other factors: the market, competitive positioning in the market, operations, the concept, the brand and many others. Could we explain the sales contribution of these other components? Typically the answer was â€Å"yes† because we had so much detailed customer data that let us get at problems with operations or marketing and in doing theses analyses, we also learned that once the non-location components could be predicted, it was also possible to predict the contributions of many small location factors in our original model. How much is a new sign worth? What about being on the corner versus down the street two blocks? What is the contribution of the tourist population to sales? What’s the contribution of Market A versus Market B to sales? Answering these questions led to a very detailed Transparent Report in which all of the factors underlying store sales could be viewed and analyzed. The high-level version of the report is illustrated in the table that follows: Making Changes to Model Predictions†¦ Adding Validity or Fudging Logical, open, robust, adaptive†¦ that’s a great list of attributes to define transparency; but they don’t mean much without the ability to make changes in the model’s predictions to reflect what you’ve learned. Model predictions, even from the best systems like PAI’s, the National Weather Service, or election polls, are not perfect. You should expect that they will change when knowledge improves. Remember that transparency in almost any context interpersonal, financial, business management, politics, and so forth usually goes hand in hand with getting good feedback and being flexible enough to act on it. Part of the value in watching the individual gears turning in the â€Å"big machine† is to be able to notice the wobble and make a correction when needed. This couldn’t be truer in many domains than it is for location analysis where the change in a single factor (a new manager, construction on the road in front of the store, o r a competitor opening down the street), can dramatically impact performance in one week! FOUL you say. A fudge is still a fudge. We wanted a model to provide an objective, unbiased prediction, not one that could be fudged to fit someone’s biases. Let me see if I understand what you are saying. When you are ill, would you rather rely solely on the results of blood tests and temperature readings than to add the interpretation that is part of the physician’s expert opinion? Or, if surgery is called for, to would you forego the expert opinions of several physicians? In the case of location analysis there is a lot of knowledge about a site, the market, competition, and experiences in similar markets that may not be in your modeling program. Besides, transparent is as transparent does. In other words, because it’s transparent, everyone can see the gears turning. There can be no mathematical cover-up, as you might experience with a single prediction driven by complex statistics. Transparency means you are looking at the facts, at least as the model sees the world. There can be no hiding because everyone else sees and shares the same view. If there is disagreement about a â€Å"fact† such as the quality of the ma rket, name recognition, the manager’s performance, visibility of the store, or any other parts of the transparent report that’s actually good! You are working at a concrete level where a consensus can probably be reached. If the consensus opinion is that the model is wrong about one of these components, you want to change it and determine how this change will impact the predictions. In our work with clients, disagreement with the model results, and the process to understand these disagreements (that we call â€Å"field validation†), is encouraged. We see the whole proposition as 50/50. Fifty percent belongs to the objective model results; fifty percent belongs to the intuition and experience of an expert in the field actually evaluating the site, or as a part of a real estate committee in a Board room. Historically, adjusting the models predictions meant adjusting or tinkering with the input parameters until you got the predictions you wanted. Today, what we attempting to do with our transparent approach to modeling, is encourage shared understanding and communication about all of the components of sales, especially the large, non-location components such as operations or marketing, that are not well understood in many companies. How much do operations or marketing contribute to store sales? Quite a lot and when you can measure this contribution, guess what happens to your location model. It gets a lot better because you are not trying to predict the performance of operations with a demographics report. You are predicting only that part of sales explained by demographics with demographic predictors, site sales with site features, market sales with market features, and so forth. We’ve witnessed that transparent models completely change the nature of the conversation when there is a disagreement between a model’s prediction and actual sales. Instead of a conversation that begins, â€Å"What’s wrong with the model. It’s under-predicting performance for this store by 25%;† It goes, â€Å"Here’s a large discrepancy. Let’s look at the transparent model report and see if we can understand where it’s coming from!† What you want from a model is â€Å"it’s† version of the truth, not an oracle. The key to understanding and utilizing this truth is transparency. Transparency transforms what traditionally was a black box process into an intelligent dashboard, with gauges that explain what is happening in each of your stores, and dials to make the needed adjustments. Now you have a wise partner in your modeling system, not an idiot savant! RETAIL SYNERGY By Dr. Richard Fenker, PhD For the last twenty years I (and more recently with two colleagues, Lynn Cherry and Selby Evans) have been tracking an elusive phenomenon, which at times is as plain as the nose on your face, and at others as elusive as a wisp of clouds on a clear day. Its a force in the world of retail that is as obvious and strong as the force of gravity when you toss a ball in the air. Yet, it is also as mysterious as the physical principles that underlie gravity and its relationship to other forces which are still not well understood by physicists. The phenomenon is retail synergy. As obvious as the value of a collection of synergistic retailers sharing a common shopping center may seem, especially their influence on the gravity of the center or its ability to attract customers, relatively little beyond common sense is known about this practical yet ephemeral concept. In our everyday experience, we live the concept of synergy as we are attracted to clusters of retailers that work well together. In fact, we even name these clusters with familiar labels such as shopping centers, malls, strip centers, power centers, lifestyle centers and the like. There is no mystery here, other than a wait for the next clever name to come from a developer in California, Minnesota, or New York. There is also no mystery about the fact that some of these centers work (meaning they are more effective draws for retail traffic) much better than others, or that certain types of people are attracted to certain types of centers. There is also an obvious parallel to atomic physics. We study the behavior of atoms and molecules, and the attractions between heavier particles such as a proton and the lighter particles such as electrons, or the special universe of quantum entities such as charm, flavor, spin and quarks more on this in a moment. The mystery for me started in the early 1980s. I was working with Norm Brinker and Ron McDougall on a customer research project for Chilis. In developing the research instrument, we asked the question: What other retailers are linked to a visit to Chilis either before or after? Our intention in asking this question is obvious. If there are supporting linkages, or other retailers likely to be visited in connection with my restaurant visit, why not locate a Chilis near centers containing these retailers, thus increasing the probability of a visit to Chilis? The first answers that emerged from our research made sense. While we couldnt identify specific retailers that mattered, we could say that being near upscale shopping or entertainment activity mattered a great deal for some locations. So, at the most general level, certain classes of retail activity were clearly synergistic with casual theme dining. I can sense that yawn beginning hold on for a moment. What we didnt understand at the time were any specifics. What types of retailers were best or did we need to get to the next level and deal with specific retailers? We could count the stores in a shopping center (although the databases at this time were much more limited than today), but we didnt understand the relationship between the stores or how much this mattered. Finally, there is obviously some relationship, or interaction, between the people who live and work in the neighborhood, and the retailers. However, it was not obvious how this interaction contributed to the synergy of the area. Yes, we were scientifically curious, but were driven by a much more practical problem. Our forecasting model was telling some of these early clients (such as Steak and Ale, TGI Fridays, or BizMart) that they would do well in certain centers because of the synergistic activity and we were dead wrong. I remember driving a site in Washington DC with a retailer that had used our model, in part, t o make the decision to open the store. The retail energy was awesome. With a regional mall nearby, it was also a great neighborhood filled with our clients customers. What was the problem? The answer wasnt obvious. However, as we studied the problem, one area where our thinking was muddled did become more clear. We had been mixing the idea of Retail Draw and Retail Synergy, essentially treating these as the same concept in our model. The more good retail around YOUR concept the better. Unfortunately the world doesnt work this way. As we studied the DC mall carefully, it was obvious that our client was near a hundred supporting retailers in the mall or in other shopping centers near the mall. However, they were actually adjacent to a smaller center filled with junk retail, and badly positioned with respect to the competition. Im sure youve heard this story before it was a great location, except for the At least the concept of Retail Draw seemed clear. And based on the results of a couple of million customer surveys that weve administered since, and over 100,000 sites evaluated, it has remained so. Retail Draw is essentially a measure of the pull of a retail area based largely on the number of businesses in that area. Regional malls have huge pulling power, while local strip centers have very little, with power centers and lifestyle centers in between. The importance of pull, or retail gravity as it is called in many modeling approaches, is that the following principle seems to be consistently valid: The larger the number of retailers in an area, the stronger the Retail Draw, and the larger the effective trade area for most of the retail businesses. There is little mystery here. The city center in healthy cities is the ultimate retail area, drawing from the entire city. Regional malls can have as much or more pull. Everyone in the community, to a degree, becomes a customer of the businesses in these areas. What was still a mystery, however, was the synergy of the area, or the synergy of the businesses in the malls or shopping centers of the area. A definition of retail synergy was emerging in our thinking: Retail Synergy describes the degree of compatibility between a collection of retailers such that customers who use one of these retailers are also likely to use other retailers in the same center. This is not a bad definition of synergy as we would view it today, but there was still a major flaw in our thinking that took several more years to fully appreciate. Can you see what we were missing? In any case, armed with this definition of synergy, we could begin to understand that the best centers were ones that attracted distant customers, not only because of Retail Draw, but because the stores in the center had some degree of Retail Synergy. Looking back, this seems like an obvious step, and in some respects this is true. However, as our understanding evolved in real-time twenty years ago, a philosophy was also evolving, and it is one that has influenced our thinking about location analysis and sales forecasting models, from the 1980s to the present. What was happening was that in the pursuit of answers for why the statistics in our models didnt work in some cases (this is a euphemism for bad predictions), we were forced to look more carefully at the behavior of the customers w e were trying to model. This shifted us from a find a better methododological approach, to one of explaining how shoppers and diners actually use the retail world. One of our first chances to test this thinking came with the modeling research for two clients, Eckerds and Cracker Barrel. As we designed their customer surveys, we added sections that gave us much more detail on the behavior patterns of users, and the specific combinations of adjacent retail businesses that helped or hurt sales. It may not surprise you to learn that a visit to Eckerds has a high probability of being linked to a visit to other kinds of retailers or institutions; or, that travelers, service stations, motels, and certain retailers all interact in certain ways to influence Cracker Barrels performance. At the time, it surprised and delighted us and even though we didnt see a large jump in the sales forecasting accuracy of our models, our risk models (models designed to spot potential dog locations) did get a nice bump in accuracy. We could now identify certain kinds of retail situations that just were not right for our clients. This synergy component has remained a par t of our models ever since. The Cracker Barrel and Eckerds research was moving us in the right direction, and several mall modeling projects finally got us to yet another plateau. What every developer and mall-based retailer who is reading this article understands, that we eventually figured out, was how important adjacency influences are in driving behavior. Shoppers have patterns, driven to a large degree by the occasion. On a practical Saturday, I may bounce from the grocery store, to the hardware store, to the drug store, to the post office or whatever. On a shopping Saturday, I visit the mall, going to six stores that sell my kind of clothing, have lunch, and then look for a wedding present. Which stores I visit in any time period is obviously influenced by my needs and the time factors; but both synergistic factors (which stores are in the retail area) and adjacency factors (which stores are near each other in the centers) also help determine which specific retailers I will visit. Retail Adjacency Effects describe the local spatial relationships between key retailers and any nearby concept. The strongest adjacency influences occur when the convenience of having certain retailers nearby increases the probability of a linked visit to your store. New car dealers figured out a decade ago that the best way to bring shoppers into their showrooms was to create a cluster of dealerships, because, when people shop for new cars, they typically visit a number of dealers on a single trip. Today, unless you are a Lexus, Mercedes or other destination dealer, you are asking for trouble if you ignore the presence of this common behavior pattern tied to Retail Adjacency. Now, we are getting a little warmer. As we incorporated adjacency influences into our models, predictions did improve. In fact, the combination of adjacency and synergy could make as much as a 30% influence on the bottom line for some types of clients. If you are a fast food concept, for example, how do you feel about locating in grocery-anchored shopping centers? Our research findings here might surprise you. (Send me $1,000, and a box-top from my favorite brand of cereal, and Ill share them with you.) What we had done was to get down to some very specific behaviors of consumers that were closely related to the way the retail world was arranged. Retail Draw, Retail Synergy, and Retail Adjacency what is next? The next step is in some respects a digression, since our discussion is about retail synergy; but, it happened so naturally and with little contribution on our part, other than to say, yes, we can do it, that it is worth mentioning. Two major big-box retailers in different industries, one grocery-related and one merchandise-related, asked essentially the same question at the same time. Can you help us design the layout of the store to increase the potential that customers who come to purchase one product have easy access to related products they might also purchase? The answer was, of course, yes, and within a couple of months, our list of synergy-related products had been expanded to include the concept of Product Adjacency. Product Adjacency, or Department Adjacency, describes the layout of store departments or merchandise in order to optimize synergistic patterns of purchasing behavior. To meet the needs of these retailers, we modified our standard customer research instrument to include in-store behavior patterns, so we could track what customers actually did while in the store and surprised ourselves with the results. The same strong proximity-related patterns we were observing for Retail Adjacency outside the store continued in the store. A few departments (the destination departments), for example, attracted most of the initial visits to the store. Other departments visited were strongly influenced by their proximity to these destinations as were purchasing behaviors. In one case, a radically new store design was created by clustering secondary departments, that appealed to certain customer segments, around the destination departments that attracted those same customers. This principal, while undoubtedly not novel, proved so effective that we have adopted it as one of our classic approaches to store design. Despite all of this work, there was still a missing piece in our definition of synergy. We could see from our customer research studies that some busy retail areas and malls seemed to attract customers from all over the market, while others of a similar size behaved almost like local malls or shopping centers, even when many of the same brands were present in both centers. Ridgemar Mall and Hulen Mall are two of the major shopping centers in the Fort Worth area of Texas. The difference between them is profound. Despite the presence of a Neiman Marcus in Ridgemar Mall, plus essentially the same retailers as the Hulen Mall, it behaves much like a local mall, drawing largely from a five-mile area, with many of the surrounding stores and centers struggling with marginal performance. Hulen, on the other hand, is a major destination mall that draws from the entire city with its mix of mid-scale and up-scale retailers and restaurants. Whats wrong with this picture? You already know the answer, dont you? You can see what obvious component is missing in our understanding for synergy - demand, destination-driven demand. Looking back, it is obvious, but it was not obvious at the time. The retail world is filled with centers of retail activity, each with some level of Retail Draw, ranging from a dozen stores to many hundreds. These centers can become strong attractors of shoppers and diners for the reasons explained above, primarily Retail Draw and Retail Synergy. However, the strength of the Retail Draw depends not just on the number of stores, and the tendency for people to link shopping visits to several different stores on a trip, but also on the lifestyle focus of the center. Secondarily (because customers will cross neighborhood boundaries if the draw is strong enough), it depends on the lifestyle fit of the center to the surrounding neighborhood. In other words, large clusters of retailers sharing a common focus on a certain set of customer segments or lifestyle groups, have by far the strongest drawing power. Not everyone in the market will visit these centers, but the core lifestyle groups will travel quite a distance, and deal with other hardships associated with traffic or locations, because the draw is so strong. Have you ever been to the IKEA location outside of New York City? Well, you cross the Hudson River into New Jersey, drive North on the freeway until you are in the middle of the warehouse, factory, and wasteland zone. Next, you proceed East a couple of miles into no mans land along the river bottom, and arrive at one of the most successful destination retailers in the world capable of creating their own draw and synergy because the lifestyle pull is so strong for some segments. Lifestyle Synergy describes the focus of the retail area, or shopping center, on a limited set of customer segments or lifestyle groups. The larger the retail mix, and the stronger the focus, the more Retail Draw for the targeted groups. Now, we are almost finished with the components needed to build a good model of synergy. They include Retail Draw, Retail Synergy, Retail Adjacency, Lifestyle Synergy and last but not least, the mystique that accompanies any successful business venture. By mystique I mean that for the best of everything, the whole is always greater than the sum of the parts wines, personalities, art, sex, and certainly the most successful centers or retail businesses. You cannot explain IKEAs remarkable performance without mystique! The concept of synergy speaks at the classical level to clusters of similar or related retailers. In reality, it too is a much richer concept, linked inevitably with the properties of the retail world that are one step beyond you get what you see, and more closely linked to an entangled, interdependent, universe where a healthy respect for the mystique of a Krispy Kreme, a McDonalds, an IKEA, or a Lowes is appreciated even if not completely understood! CUSTOMER KNOWLEDGE FIVE EASY QUESTIONS: CAN YOU ANSWER THESE FOR YOUR COMPANY? 1. Who are your customers? Knowing Who are your customers can guide planning, marketing, and site selection if your research asks the right questions. Bad answers here serve as little more than an afterthought in an annual report. 2. How do they use your concept? Usage patterns feed operations the information needed to improve perceived service by meeting the needs of each user type; this knowledge also helps real estate understand the site features most important to each group. 3. How far, and for how long, will they normally travel? A concept normally has three trade areas that matter, not one. Time and distance data for users coming from work, and for users coming from shopping or other retail activity, is as important as it is for people coming from home. 4. What drives their visit, and how well are you executing on these attributes? For improving operations and encouraging return visits, there is no comparison to directly matching customer expectations on key attributes with satisfaction ratings. Higher satisfaction ratings mean higher sales. If you want to know how to boost these ratings, just ask the right questions! 5. How are you positioned relative to your competitors? Knowledge of your competitive positioning goes hand in hand with location planning, marketing, and new market development. You are handicapped if you know your competitors, but dont know which user groups they impact or why. Research Papers on Transparency and the Location MystiqueIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThree Concepts of PsychodynamicThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanStandardized Testing

Sentence Ending Particles in Japanese

Sentence Ending Particles in Japanese In Japanese, there are many particles that are added to the end of a sentence. They express the speakers emotions, doubt, emphasis, caution, hesitation, wonder, admiration, and so on. Some sentence ending particles distinguish male or female speech. Many of them dont translate easily. Ka Makes a sentence into a question. When forming a question, the word order of a sentence does not change in Japanese. Nihon-jin desu ka.æâ€" ¥Ã¦Å" ¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€šAre you Japanese?Supeingo o hanashimasu ka.ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'šã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ³Ã¨ ªÅ¾Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¨ © ±Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you speak Spanish? Kana/Kashira Indicates that you are not sure about something. It can be translated as I wonder ~. Kashira㠁‹ã â€"ら is used only by women. Tanaka-san wa ashita kuru kana.ç” °Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¦â€" ¥Ã¦  ¥Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªI wonder if Mr. Tanaka will come tomorrow.Ano hito wa dare kashira.㠁‚㠁 ®Ã¤ º ºÃ£  ¯Ã¨ ª °Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€"らI wonder who that person is. Na (1) Prohibition. A negative imperative marker used only by men in very informal speech. Sonna koto o suru na!㠁 Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ªÃ£ â€œÃ£  ¨Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ªDont do such a thing! (2) Casual emphasis on a decision, suggestion or opinion. Kyou wa shigoto ni ikitakunai na.ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£  ¯Ã¤ »â€¢Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£  «Ã¨ ¡Å'㠁 Ã£ Å¸Ã£  Ã£  ªÃ£ â€žÃ£  ªI dont want to go to work today.Sore wa machigatteiru to omou na.㠁 Ã£â€šÅ'㠁 ¯Ã©â€"“é â€¢Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ¨Ã¦â‚¬ Ã£ â€ Ã£  ªI think that is wrong. Naa Expresses emotion, or a casual remark of wishful thinking. Sugoi naa.㠁™ã â€Ã£ â€žÃ£  ªÃ£ â€šHow great it is!Mou sukoshi nete itai naa.も㠁†å °â€˜Ã£ â€"Ã¥ ¯ Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£ Å¸Ã£ â€žÃ£  ªÃ£ â€šI wish I could sleep in a little more. Ne/Nee Confirmation. Indicates that the speaker wants the listener to agree or confirm. It is similar to English expressions dont you think so, isnt it? or right?. Ii tenki desu ne.㠁„㠁„å ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€"㠁 §Ã£ â„¢Ã£  ­Its a beautiful day, isnt it?Mou nakanaide ne.も㠁†æ ³ £Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£ â€žÃ£  §Ã£  ­Please dont cry anymore, okay?

BUSINESS MEMORANDUM ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BUSINESS MEMORANDUM ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example uld be authoritative, knows how long the document should be, who should contribute which, aware of the time element of deadline and submission, consider her reader, and what information to disclose. An overview must be presented first before the details. (5) Everything should be in orderly manner with the use of headings and subheadings, with related information grouped together. Plain English uses ordinary everyday words, short sentences, active voice, regular print and personal pronouns speaking directly to the reader. (5) Color. Refers to the effective use of document text color especially black which is the most common font or text color. It should be properly balanced with a theme using shades, graphics, rules or lines and colored paper stocks. Office of Investor Education and Assistance. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. A Plain English Handbook: How to create clear SEC disclosure documents Accessed from

Germany and the germans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Germany and the germans - Essay Example It would not be untrue if said that religion took its complete toll on him and the course of his life changed forever after experiencing some personal hardships. Here is actually where the climax in the life story of Martin Luther develops because after experiencing a serious emotional turbulence episode one day as he was returning to Erfurt after visiting home, he actually decided to become a monk later on and gave up his law studies in favor of other newly developed interests. This change of plans and decisions did not gain him much appreciation from the family and friends circle in the start, but later on things got better for him when he got appointed as a priest in the church and then he immersed himself in advanced theological studies (Advameg, Inc). This phase of his life is considered to be very critical by all historians because that was when he began to develop ideas and arguments against the traditional and orthodox Christian beliefs. Martin Luther is a very powerful figure in the history of Christianity and studying his life and different events related to it holds immense fascination in itself. This is because Luther entered a monastery when he was quite young and not many people feel any strong bondage with religion when they are that young. Luther, however, is quite distinguished in respect that not only he underwent complete religious transformation as a youth but he also decided to give up his law studies in order to become a monk and then later on in life, he went on to study theology. By this time, he began developing many theories and arguments that openly defied the traditionally established Christian rules which gained him much criticism from the Roman Catholic Church. That was a very hard time for Luther because in spite of so much antagonism and repulsion, he decided to stay firm on his writings which were already distributed throughout Germany. If on one hand he was considered

Why I want To Be A Firefighter Essay -- essays research papers

Firefighting is a career that can make you feel proud and accomplished, and it is a career in which I have a lot of respect for. In order to be a firefighter you must be in shape, prepared, experienced, and ready to deal with your job emotionally as well as physically. I chose to be a firefighter because I want to be able to help others and make them feel safe to live in their communities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After visiting some actual fire departments, I realized as a firefighter you certainly have a lot to be proud of. It’s not your average job and does require quite a bit of organization to stay on top of everything. Everyday you have to be ready and prepared for just about anything that can happen. You never know what kinds of jobs you are going to be set out to do in one day. This means your equipment should be in order, checked and ready to go.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While going through training, I began to realize this is a career that is can be emotionally overwhelming. You must be able to cope with mental stress, and stay prepared at all times. Just the fact that you don’t know what you are going to encounter throughout one day can be stressful. Knowing this you must learn how to deal with your emotions, whether it’s through group therapy or just relaxing after work. People are going to depend on you when they’re in a dangerous situation and you must be strong and help them when they are in need. To help others you must also be physically and menta...

Analysis of Southern Gothic Literature Essay

Southern Gothic literature, which is a sub-genre of the Gothic writing style, is unique to the American South. Southern Gothic literature has many of the same aspects as Gothic literature; it focuses on topics such as death, madness, and the super natural as well has having many mystical, bizarre, violent, and grotesque aspects. These tools are used â€Å"to explore social issues and reveal the cultural character of the American South (Wikipedia). † The authors of Southern Gothic writing use damaged characters to enhance their stories, and to show deeper highlights of unpleasant southern characteristics. These characters are usually set apart from their societies due to their mental, physical, and or social disabilities. However not all the aspects of the characters are bad â€Å"it is more often the case that a mixture of good and bad is found in most of the characters (McFLY)† The authors of these stories do give the main character some good qualities; this is so the reader will fill sympathy and understanding for the character. Two authors who exhibit the Southern Gothic writing style are William Faulkner, who wrote â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, and Flannery O’Conner, the author of â€Å"Good Country People† and â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†. William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is an example of Southern Gothic literature. It contains many aspects of Southern Gothic writing, such as an old dark mansion, death, mystery, bizarre events, and the crazy Miss. Emily. The story takes place in a small town in Jefferson Mississippi. The narrator tells us the story of Miss. Emily Grierson, from the town’s point of view. â€Å"? A Rose for Emily’ is the remarkable story of Emily Grierson, an aging spinster in Jefferson, whose death and funeral drew the attention of the entire town (Faulkner n. p. ). † The first sign that this story is going to be Southern Gothic is when Faulkner describes her funeral. According to the narrator, when Miss. Emily died, everyone attended her funeral; â€Å"the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house (Perrine’s 281). † The narrator then goes on to tell the story of Miss. Emily. Miss. Emily lived in a once beautiful, white, seventies style home, but as the years went by her home became â€Å"an eyesore among eyesores (Perrine’s 281). â€Å"This may be a reflection of how the town saw Miss. Emily herself, once beautiful and now an eyesore to the entire community. After Miss. Emily’s father had died, Colonel Sartoris told her that she would not have to pay taxes on her house, due to the fact that her â€Å"father had loaned money to the town, which the town, [. . . ], preferred this way of repaying (Perrine’s 282). † So for many years, Miss. Emily went on with out paying taxes. When the next generation came into office, a tax notification was sent to Miss. Emily, who sent it back to them with no other comments. The â€Å"Board of Aldermen† was sent to her house; they â€Å"knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed (Perrine’s 282)† through for eight to ten years. When they were let in, by â€Å"the old Negro†, they house smelled of dust and disuse (Perrine’s 282). † When Miss. Emily entered the dimly light living room â€Å"she looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water (Perrine’s 282-283). † The spokesman asked why Miss. Emily had not paid her taxes, to which she replied â€Å"I have no taxes in Jefferson. [? ] See Colonel Sartoris (Perrine’s 283). † What Miss. Emily did not know was that Colonel Sartoris had been dead for almost ten years now. On one occasion, a neighborhood woman went to the mayor to complain of a smell coming from Miss. Emily’s house. The mayor thought nothing of it until two more complaints were received the next day. Finally the Board of Aldermen sent four men out to her house the next night, after midnight, and sprinkled lime all around Miss. Emily’s house and outbuildings; â€Å"After a week or two the smell went away (Perrine’s 284). † After that incident, the people began to feel sorry for her. They believed that â€Å"the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were (Perrine’s 284). † No man was good enough for her by her father and by the time she was thirty she was still unwed. After her father died, the people finally had a reason to fell bad for her. She was alone in the world with only her house left; this left her humanized. The day after her father’s death, the women of the town went to give their condolences to Miss. Emily. To their surprise, Miss. Emily was â€Å"dressed as usual† and had â€Å"no trace of grief on her face (Perrine’s 285). † Emily told the women that her father was not dead. Finally after three days of trying to hold on to her father, â€Å"she broke down, and they buried her father quickly (Perrine’s 285). † The town’s people tired to justify Miss. Emily’s actions, by saying that she had nothing left, and was clinging to the one thing that had robbed her for so long they convinced themselves that she was not crazy. The summer after her father died, the town hired contractors to pave the sidewalks. The foreman, Homer Barron, and Miss. Emily became quite fond of one another. On Sunday afternoons they could bee seen driving in his buggy together. Soon the people began to whisper about Emily and Homer. Emily held her head high; she would not be seen as anything other than respectful. The town’s people believed that Miss. Emily should have kinfolk come to stay with her for a while. While Emily’s two cousins were visiting her, she went and bought rat poison. When she got to the drug store, she would not tell the druggist why she wanted arsenic, but when she got home, under the skull and bones on the box the druggist had written â€Å"For rats. † Everyone believed that she was going to kill herself. But then, Miss. Emily was seen in buying a silver toilet set for men, with H. B. on each piece, and then she bought a complete men’s outfit. Everyone said â€Å"They are married,† referring to Miss. Emily and Homer Barron. When the streets were done, Homer left. Three days after Emily’s cousins had left, Homer was back in town; he was seen going in to Miss. Emily’s house through the Kitchen door at dusk. No one say Homer or Emily for some time. When she was next seen, she had grown fat, and her hair was turning gray. Year after year, the people watched as the Negro man grew older and older. The only sign of Miss Emily was when she was seen through one of her downstairs windows. Then one day Miss. Emily died. The women and men came to pay respects, and to see what Miss. Emily had kept hidden for so many years. After she was buried, the town’s people went back to Emily’s house to look at the room which had not been used in over forty years. What they found would explain many things that had happened over the years. After the door was forced open, and the dust settled, they looked about the room. On the dresser an outfit and tie were laid out, along with a pair of shoes. In the bed, they found Mr. Homer Barron. Finally, someone noticed that on the pillow next to Mr. Barron’s, someone had been sleeping on it. A head indention was in the pillow, along with a single strand of Miss. Emily’s gray hair. Miss. Emily â€Å"killed Homer largely to placate society, although that, in her deranged mind, also secured him as her lover forever (Dilworth n. p. ). † Flannery O’Conner is another author who writes in the Southern Gothic style. His story â€Å"Good Country People† takes place in south. He uses attributes such as lies, faithless ness, and deception to make his story Southern Gothic. The main character, Hulga, finds many things to be wrong with the world she lives in; she also finds many things wrong with mother. Hulga is a large girl with a crippled leg. She does not believe in God, and she uses her studies as an excuse to escape the world. Mrs. Hopewell tries to convince herself that Joy, who changed her name to Hulga, is still a child, even thought Hulga is thirty- two years old. â€Å"Nothing is perfect† and â€Å"that is life! † where two of Mrs. Hopewell’s favorite sayings (Good Country People n. p. ). Mrs. Hopewell and Mrs. Freeman, the landlord, talked about many things together. One thing that they both agreed on was â€Å"there aren’t enough good county people (O’Connor n. p. ). † While Mrs. Hopewell was making dinner one night, a young man, by the name of Pointer, came to the Hopewell’s house to sell bibles. Hulga, who was atheist, was not to fond of the young man, but once Mrs. Hopewell found out that he was from â€Å"good country people† she couldn’t get enough of him. She even invited him in for dinner. During dinner Pointer talked to Hulga about his family and where he was from and why he sold Bibles. After dinner, Hulga walked the young man out. The next day, Mrs. Freeman and Mrs. Hopewell were talking about the Bible salesman. Mrs. Freeman said she had seen Hulga talking to him at the fence, and wandered what she had said to the boy. Hulga over heard all this, and tried to make a scene by getting up and stumping â€Å"with about twice the noise that was necessary, into her room (O’Connor n. p. ). † When Hulga got to her room, she went over the conversation that she had with Pointer the day before. Hulga and Pointer had made plans to go on a picnic the next day. Hulga tried to act as if she did not really want to go, but she had other plans of her own. While she was in bed that night, she went over all the different ways that she could seduce Pointer. Hulga â€Å"imagined that the two of them walked [? ] until they came to the storage barn [? ]† and â€Å"that she very easily seduced him (O’Connor n. p. ). † When she got up the next morning to met Pointer at the gate, he wasn’t there, she thought she had been stood up, and then she saw him he had been behind a bush. He was there in the same dirty old clothes as yesterday, only this time he had on a hat. Hulga asked, â€Å"Why did you bring your Bibles? † They just keep on walking though, until they got to the barn. Once inside the barn, they climbed up into the hay loft. Once they were both in the loft, Pointer started kissing Hulga; â€Å"When here glasses got in the way, he took them off of her and slipped them into his pocket (O’Connor n. p. ). † Once Hulga returned his kisses he told her that he loved her, to this Hulga had no reply for many minutes. After she said she did love him, he wanted her to prove it, he told Hulga to â€Å"show me where your wooden leg joins in (O’Connor n. p. ). † Hulga couldn’t do this, not at first anyways. Finally after she had taken off her wooden leg, but when she wanted it back on, Pointer refused to give it back, instead he placed it in his Bible suitcase. Hulga cried and pleaded for her leg to be returned, but all Pointer could say was â€Å"you needn’t to think you’ll catch me because Pointer ain’t really my name (O’Connor n. p. )† Flannery O’Connor also wrote â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find. † The story takes place in Georgia. In this story a grandmother and her family were deciding on where to go for the family vacation. The grandmother did not want to go to Florida, which is where the rest of the family wanted to go, she wanted to go to Tennessee. To try to convince the family not to go to Florida, she told them that she told them that she had just read on article about a prisoner, The Misfit, who had escaped form the Federal Penitentiary. She also tries to convince the family to go to Tennessee by saying that the children â€Å"never have been to east Tennessee (O’Connor 495). † The family would not listen to her, and decided to go to Florida anyways. On the way down to Florida, the family stopped at a little diner to get lunch. While they were there the owner and his wife were talking about the Misfit as well. After leaving the dinner the grandmother remembered a house that she had once been to; it was an old Southern Plantation. She nags and nags her son to just stop in and see the house; she even implies that it would be good for the children by saying that â€Å"it would be very educational for them. † Finally after her grandchildren pleaded their father to stop, her son finally decided to take a short drive down the driveway of the house. Once they had turned down the long dirt road, which went to the plantation, the grandmother suddenly remembered that the house she had been thinking of was not even in Georgia, but in Tennessee. Rather than telling her son that she had made a mistake, she just sat back and keeps it to herself. As they were driving down the driveway, the grandmother’s cat sprang form its resting spot and landed on her son’s shoulder. The car went out of control, â€Å"the children where thrown to the floor and their mother [? ] was thrown out of the car; the old lady was thrown into the front seat (O’Connor 502). † The children were ecstatic about being in a wreck. While the parents and grandmother while trying to recuperate form what had just happened, a truck pulled up. The grandmother had a feeling that she knew the man who stepped out of the truck. The man said he had seen the accident happen, and told one of the boys in the truck with him to go check and see if the car would still run. That’s  when the grandmother knew who the man was; it was The Misfit. â€Å"You’re the Misfit† exclaimed the grandmother. â€Å"Yes’m [? ] but it it would have been better for all of you, lady, if you hadn’t of reckernized me (O’Connor 503). † The Misfit had no other choose, he told Bobby Lee to take the father and the boy and go back into the woods. The whole time, the grandmother was trying to talk The Misfit out of hurting her. She told the Misfit, â€Å"I just know you’re a good man (505). † To this he replies, â€Å"Nome, I ain’t a good man (505). † Then the sound of gunfire was heard coming form where Bobby Lee had taken her son and grandchild. Next the Misfit had the mother and the other two children taken back into the woods. The grandmother still tried to talk her way out of being hurt, but failed to ask that her family be saved as well. Three more rounds of shots could be heard from the woods, the grandmother only talked faster to try to save her own life. She told him that Jesus would forgive him of his sins if only he would ask for it. Finally when the grandmother looked at The Misfit she said â€Å"Why you’re one of my babies. You’re one of my own children! † to this The Misfit sprang back and shot the old land three times in the chest. All of the stories that are discussed in this paper have many signs of being Southern Gothic literature. They show sings of characters that are extremely flawed, stingy, and uncaring. The stories are mysterious, bizarre, and ironic in the end. Southern Gothic authors use these types of traits in their stories to catch the reader’s attention, and to show aspects of the south that are not perfect. Southern Gothic literature is suspenseful and awkward, but is a very well known writing style. Works Cited Definition of southern gothic as provided by Wikipedia: . Dilworth, Thomas â€Å"A Romance to Kill For: Homicidal Complicity in Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily† Studies in Short Fiction (36:3) 1999 251-62 O’Connor, Flannery. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. 8th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 2001. 495- 509. O’Connor, Flannery. â€Å"Good Country People†. n. p. 31 Jan. 2006. . Faulkner, William. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† 2002 Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. 8th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 2001. 281- 289. Faulkner, William: William Faulkner on the web: . â€Å"Southern Gothic. † McFLY. n. d. 5 Feb. 2006 .